infrastruktur:host:dobby-setup [Chaotikum e.V.]

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====== Dobby Setup ======

[[infrastruktur:host:dobby|Dobby overview]]

===== Case/Proxmox container setup =====

    * General:
        * (Node: case)
        * (CT ID: 113)
        * Hostname: dobby
        * Unprivileged container: yes
        * Nesting: yes
        * SSH public key(s): T_X
    * Template:
        * Storage: local
        * Template: debian-12-standard_12.2-1_amd64.tar.zst
    * Disk(s):
        * rootfs:
            * Disk Size: 4 GiB
            * Storage: disks
    * CPU:
        * Cores: 1
    * Memory:
        * Memory: 2048 MiB
        * Swap: 512 MiB
    * Network:
        * Name: eth0
        * MAC address: auto (-> BC:24:11:0F:A6:06)
        * bridge: vmbr0
        * VLAN tag: no VLAN
        * Firewall: no
        * IPv4: static
            * IPv4/CIDR: 172.23.208.8/23
            * Gateway: 172.23.208.1
        * IPv6: static
            * IPv6/CIDR: 2a01:170:1112::8/64
            * Gateway: 2a01:170:1112::1

===== Basic Network Settings =====

/etc/systemd/network/lan0.network:

<code>
[Match]
Name=eth0

[Network]
DHCP=no
IPv6AcceptRA=no
Address=172.23.208.8/23
Address=2a01:170:1112::8/64
Address=fd20:bdda:5df0::8/64
Gateway=172.23.208.1
Gateway=2a01:170:1112::1
</code>

<code>
apt-get remove ifupdown
systemctl enable systemd-networkd
systemctl enable systemd-networkd
reboot
</code>

<code>
root@dobby:~# cat /etc/resolv.conf 
# --- BEGIN PVE ---
search nobreakspace.org
nameserver 172.23.208.1
nameserver 2a01:170:1112::1
# --- END PVE ---
</code>

===== Apt Unattended updates =====

https://wiki.debian.org/UnattendedUpgrades

<code>
$ apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade
$ apt-get install unattended-upgrades apt-listchanges
</code>

/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/52unattended-upgrades:

<code>
$ echo 'Unattended-Upgrade::Automatic-Reboot "true";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/52unattended-upgrades-local
$ echo 'Unattended-Upgrade::Automatic-Reboot-Time "03:42";' >> /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/52unattended-upgrades-local
</code>

<code>
$ reboot
</code>

===== Netfilter Firewall =====

Ansatz:

  * zwischen dn42 peers immer routen/forwarden erlauben
  * eingehend ins nbsp Netz nur bei established/related erlauben

<code>
nft add table inet filter
nft add chain inet filter input { type filter hook input priority 0\; policy accept\; }
nft add chain inet filter output { type filter hook output priority 0\; policy accept\; }
nft add chain inet filter forward { type filter hook forward priority 0\; policy drop\; }
nft add rule inet filter forward iifname "dn42_*" oifname "dn42_*" accept
nft add rule inet filter forward iifname "eth0" oifname "dn42_*" accept
nft add rule inet filter forward iifname "dn42_*" oifname "eth0" ct state established,related accept
nft add rule inet filter forward counter reject with icmpx type admin-prohibited
</code>

Persistent machen:

<code>
mv /etc/nftables.conf /etc/nftables.conf.bak
echo '#!/usr/sbin/nft -f' > /etc/nftables.conf
echo '' >> /etc/nftables.conf
echo 'flush ruleset' >> /etc/nftables.conf
echo '' >> /etc/nftables.conf
nft -s list ruleset >> /etc/nftables.conf
systemctl enable nftables.service
systemctl start nftables.service
</code>

Forwarding aktivieren:

<code>
$ echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" > /etc/sysctl.d/10-ip-forward.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
$ echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1" >> /etc/sysctl.d/10-ip-forward.conf
</code>

===== OPNSense Firewall fw01.nobreakspace.org =====

  * [x]: announce fd20:bdda:5df0::/64 im radvd, statt fd69:2694:4eb5::
    * https://fw01.nobreakspace.org/ui/interfaces/vip
    * dort `fd69:2694:4eb5::/48` auf `fd20:bdda:5df0::1/64` geändert
  * [x]: dobby alias
    * https://fw01.nobreakspace.org/ui/firewall/alias
    * Firewall->Aliases, add:
    * Enabled: true
    * Name: dobby
    * Type: Host(s)
    * Categories: services
    * Content: 172.23.208.8, 2a01:170:1112::8
    * Description: dn42 BGP router
  * [x]: statisches DHCPv4 mapping (optional, eigentlich stat. IPs):
    * https://fw01.nobreakspace.org/services_dhcp.php?if=lan
    * MAC address: BC:24:11:0F:A6:06
    * IP address: 172.23.208.8
    * Hostname: dobby
  * [x]: IPv4 port forwarding:
    * https://fw01.nobreakspace.org/firewall_nat.php
    * Description: dobby dn42 tunnels
    * Interface: WAN
    * Destination: 82.139.255.241
    * Redirect target IP: 172.23.208.8
    * Protocol: UDP
    * Destination port range: 2300-2399
  * [x]: IPv6 incoming erlauben:
    * https://fw01.nobreakspace.org/firewall_rules.php?if=wan
    * Firewall->Rules->Wan, hinzufügen:
        * Action: Pass
        * Disabled: false
        * Quick: Apply the action immediately on match
        * Interface: WAN
        * Direction: in
        * TCP/IP version: IPv6
        * Protocol: any
        * Source/invert: false
        * Source: any
        * Destination/invert: false
        * Destination: dobby
        * Destination port range: from: any, to: any
        * Gateway: default
  * [x]: Variante A) statische Routen zu dobby hinzufügen
    * ~~Routing: General:~~
        * ~~Enable: yes~~
    * ~~Routing: STATIC -> General:~~
        * ~~Enable: yes~~
    * ~~Routing: STATIC -> Routes, Add:~~
        * ~~IPv6:~~
            * ~~Network: fd00::/8~~
            * ~~Gateway: fd20:bdda:5df0::8~~
            * ~~Interface: LAN~~
    * System: Gateways: Configuration, Add:
        * IPv6:
            * Name: dobby_dn42_ipv6
            * Description: dobby dn42 IPv6 Gateway
            * Interface: LAN
            * Address Family: IPv6
            * IP address: fd20:bdda:5df0::8
            * (Upstream Gateway: no!)
        * IPv4:
            * Name: dobby_dn42_ipv4
            * Description: dobby dn42 IPv4 Gateway
            * Interface: LAN
            * Address Family: IPv4
            * IP address: 172.23.208.8
            * (Upstream Gateway: no!)
        * System: Routes: Configuration, Add:
            * IPv6:
                * Network Address: fd00::/8
                * Gateway: dobby_dn42_ipv6
                * Description: dn42 (+Freifunk) IPv6
            * IPv4, dn42:
                * Network Address: 172.20.0.0/14
                * Gateway: dobby_dn42_ipv4
                * Description: dn42 IPv4
            * IPv4, ChaosVPN:
                * Network Address: 172.31.0.0/16
                * Gateway: dobby_dn42_ipv4
                * Description: ChaosVPN (via dn42)
            * IPv4, ChaosVPN, neonetwork, Freifunk:
                * Network Address: 10.0.0.0/8
                * Gateway: dobby_dn42_ipv4
                * Description: ChaosVPN, neonetwork, Freifunk/ICVPN (via dn42)
  * [ ]: Variante B) full BGP import von dobby, export Filter auf dobby (-> Routing: BGP)
  * [x]: DNS hinzufügen: https://dn42.dev/services/DNS
    * Services: Unbound DNS: Advanced:
      * Private Domains: add "dn42"
    * Services: Unbound DNS: Query Forwarding -> Custom forwarding, add:
      * Enabled: yes
      * Domain: dn42
      * Address: fd42:d42:d42:54::1
      * Description: dn42 DNS
===== Bird2 =====

<code>
$ apt-get install bird2
$ mv bird.conf bird.conf.bak
</code>

/etc/bird/bird.conf:

hauptsächlich von hier kopiert:

  * https://dn42.dev/howto/Bird2#example-configuration
  * https://dn42.dev/services/Route-Collector.md#bgp-configuration

<code>
################################################
#               Variable header                #
################################################

define OWNAS =  4242421976;
define OWNIP =  172.23.208.8;
define OWNIPv6 = fd20:bdda:5df0::8;
define OWNNET = 172.23.208.0/23;
define OWNNETv6 = fd20:bdda:5df0::/48;
define OWNNETSET = [172.23.208.0/23+];
define OWNNETSETv6 = [fd20:bdda:5df0::/48+];

################################################
#                 Header end                   #
################################################

router id OWNIP;

protocol device {
    scan time 10;
}

/*
 *  Utility functions
 */

function is_self_net() {
  return net ~ OWNNETSET;
}

function is_self_net_v6() {
  return net ~ OWNNETSETv6;
}

function is_valid_network() {
  return net ~ [
    172.20.0.0/14{21,29}, # dn42
    172.20.0.0/24{28,32}, # dn42 Anycast
    172.21.0.0/24{28,32}, # dn42 Anycast
    172.22.0.0/24{28,32}, # dn42 Anycast
    172.23.0.0/24{28,32}, # dn42 Anycast
    172.31.0.0/16+,       # ChaosVPN
    10.100.0.0/14+,       # ChaosVPN
    10.127.0.0/16{16,32}, # neonetwork
    10.0.0.0/8{15,24}     # Freifunk.net
  ];
}

roa4 table dn42_roa;
roa6 table dn42_roa_v6;

protocol static {
    roa4 { table dn42_roa; };
    include "/etc/bird/roa_dn42.conf";
};

protocol static {
    roa6 { table dn42_roa_v6; };
    include "/etc/bird/roa_dn42_v6.conf";
};

function is_valid_network_v6() {
  return net ~ [
    fd00::/8{44,64} # ULA address space as per RFC 4193
  ];
}

protocol kernel {
    scan time 20;

    ipv6 {
        import none;
        export filter {
            if source = RTS_STATIC then reject;
            krt_prefsrc = OWNIPv6;
            accept;
        };
    };
};

protocol kernel {
    scan time 20;

    ipv4 {
        import none;
        export filter {
            if source = RTS_STATIC then reject;
            krt_prefsrc = OWNIP;
            accept;
        };
    };
}

protocol static {
    route OWNNET reject;

    ipv4 {
        import all;
        export none;
    };
}

protocol static {
    route OWNNETv6 reject;

    ipv6 {
        import all;
        export none;
    };
}

protocol bgp ROUTE_COLLECTOR
{
  local as OWNAS;
  neighbor fd42:4242:2601:ac12::1 as 4242422602;

  # enable multihop as the collector is not locally connected
  multihop;

  ipv4 {
    # export all available paths to the collector    
    add paths tx;

    # import/export filters
    import none;
    export filter {
      # export all valid routes
      if ( is_valid_network() && source ~ [ RTS_STATIC, RTS_BGP ] )
      then {
        accept;
      }
      reject;
    };
  };

  ipv6 {
    # export all available paths to the collector    
    add paths tx;

    # import/export filters
    import none;
    export filter {
      # export all valid routes
      if ( is_valid_network_v6() && source ~ [ RTS_STATIC, RTS_BGP ] )
      then {
        accept;
      }
      reject;
    };
  };
}

template bgp dnpeers {
    local as OWNAS;
    path metric 1;

    ipv4 {
        import filter {
          if is_valid_network() && !is_self_net() then {
            if (roa_check(dn42_roa, net, bgp_path.last) != ROA_VALID) then {
              print "[dn42] ROA check failed for ", net, " ASN ", bgp_path.last;
              reject;
            } else accept;
          } else reject;
        };

        export filter { if is_valid_network() && source ~ [RTS_STATIC, RTS_BGP] then accept; else reject; };
        import limit 9000 action block;
    };

    ipv6 {   
        import filter {
          if is_valid_network_v6() && !is_self_net_v6() then {
            if (roa_check(dn42_roa_v6, net, bgp_path.last) != ROA_VALID) then {
              print "[dn42] ROA check failed for ", net, " ASN ", bgp_path.last;
              reject;
            } else accept;
          } else reject;
        };
        export filter { if is_valid_network_v6() && source ~ [RTS_STATIC, RTS_BGP] then accept; else reject; };
        import limit 9000 action block; 
    };
}


include "/etc/bird/peers/*";
</code>

==== ROA updaten ====

<code>
# /etc/systemd/system/dn42-roa.service
[Unit]
Description=Update DN42 ROA

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=curl -sfSLR -o /etc/bird/roa_dn42.conf -z /etc/bird/roa_dn42.conf https://dn42.burble.com/roa/dn42_roa_bird2_4.conf
ExecStart=curl -sfSLR -o /etc/bird/roa_dn42_v6.conf -z /etc/bird/roa_dn42_v6.conf https://dn42.burble.com/roa/dn42_roa_bird2_6.conf
ExecStart=birdc configure
</code>

<code>
# /etc/systemd/system/dn42-roa.timer
[Unit]
Description=Update DN42 ROA periodically

[Timer]
OnBootSec=2m
OnUnitActiveSec=15m
AccuracySec=1m

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target
</code>

<code>
$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl enable dn42-roa.timer
$ systemctl start dn42-roa.timer
</code>
==== Peer hinzufügen ====

<code>
$ apt-get install --no-install-recommends wireguard-tools
</code>

<code>
$ cd /etc/systemd/network/
$ PEERNAME=replaceexamplepeer
$ PEERASN=replaceexapmlepeerasn
$ PEERIP4=...
$ PEERIP6=...
$ sh -c "umask 066; touch dn42-$PEERNAME-wg.key; chown systemd-network:systemd-network dn42-$PEERNAME-wg.key"
$ wg genkey | tee -a dn42-$PEERNAME-wg.key | wg pubkey > dn42-$PEERNAME-wg.pub
</code>

<code>
$ cat << EOF > dn42-${PEERNAME}-wg.netdev
[NetDev]
Name=dn42_${PEERNAME}_wg
Kind=wireguard
Description=DN42 ${PEERNAME} WG tunnel
MTUBytes=1392

[WireGuard]
ListenPort=$(for i in `seq 2300 2399`; do grep -q "^ListenPort=$i\$" dn42-*.netdev && continue; echo "$i"; break; done)
PrivateKeyFile=/etc/systemd/network/dn42-${PEERNAME}-wg.key

[WireGuardPeer]
#PublicKey=
#Endpoint=
AllowedIPs=fe80::/64
AllowedIPs=fd00::/8
AllowedIPs=172.16.0.0/12
AllowedIPs=10.0.0.0/8
EOF
</code>

<code>
$ cat << EOF > dn42-${PEERNAME}-wg.network
[Match]
Name=dn42_${PEERNAME}_wg

[Network]
DHCP=no
IPv6AcceptRA=false
IPForward=yes

# for networkd >= 244 KeepConfiguration stops networkd from
# removing routes on this interface when restarting
KeepConfiguration=yes

[Address]
Address=fe80::1976/64

[Address]
Address=172.20.240.$(for i in `seq 0 255`; do grep -q "^Address=172\.20\.240\.$i/32\$" dn42-*.network && continue; echo "$i"; break; done)/32
#Peer=
EOF
</code>

`PublicKey`, `Endpoint` und `Peer` mit den Werten der Gegenseite updaten. Dann `networkctl reload` aufrufen.

<code>
$ cat << EOF > /etc/bird/peers/dn42-${PEERNAME}.conf
protocol bgp dn42_${PEERNAME} from dnpeers {
        neighbor ${PEERIP4} as ${PEERASN};
}

protocol bgp dn42_${PEERNAME}_v6 from dnpeers {
        neighbor ${PEERIP6}%dn42_${PEERNAME}_wg as ${PEERASN};
}
EOF
</code>

Oder alternativ/präferiert via multiprotocol "extended next hop" (IPv4 via v6 next hop):

<code>
$ cat << EOF > /etc/bird/peers/dn42-${PEERNAME}.conf
protocol bgp dn42_${PEERNAME}_v6 from dnpeers {
        neighbor ${PEERIP6}%dn42_${PEERNAME}_wg as ${PEERASN};
        
        ipv4 {
                extended next hop on;
        };
}
EOF
</code>

Dann hat man lustige Routen wie diese:

<code>
$ ip -4 route show prot bird via inet6 fe80::b
10.26.0.0/16 via inet6 fe80::b dev dn42_ffda_wg src 172.23.208.8 metric 32 
10.29.0.0/16 via inet6 fe80::b dev dn42_ffda_wg src 172.23.208.8 metric 32 
10.37.0.0/16 via inet6 fe80::b dev dn42_ffda_wg src 172.23.208.8 metric 32 
10.56.0.0/16 via inet6 fe80::b dev dn42_ffda_wg src 172.23.208.8 metric 32 
10.60.128.0/20 via inet6 fe80::b dev dn42_ffda_wg src 172.23.208.8 metric 32
...
</code>

Und man benötigt keine IPv4 Adress Absprachen für den Wireguard Tunnel, für dn42-${PEERNAME}-wg.network.
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